Optical disc recording apparatus which controls re-recording after a disturbance as a function of the frequency of the detected disturbance

ABSTRACT

An optical recording apparatus includes a memory, a recording device, a detector and a controller. The memory stores input data in sequence at a first transmission rate, reads out the stored input data at a second transmission rate which is faster than the first transmission rate, and outputs the data read at the second transmission rate as a recording data in predetermined data units. The recording device adds a cluster connecting sector with a data length long enough to cover a distance to rearrange data through interleaving before and after the recording data in the predetermined data unit and or recording the interleaved data on an optical disc. The detector detects an abnormality of the recording operation and outputs an output signal as an abnormality detected result. The controller controls re-recording by the recording device corresponding to an output signal from the detector within a predetermined period thereafter which is chosen to ensure a sufficient buffer capacity in the memory to store inputted data during re-recording after a detected abnormality.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/018,765 filed on Feb.17, 1993 which is now abandoned.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

The present of the invention relates to an optical disc recordingapparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to recordingcontinuous digital signals which are compressed before recording on anoptical disc.

2. Background of the Invention

In a conventional optical disc recording and/or reproducing apparatus,information signals recorded on an optical disc are read out by anoptical head. An output signal from the optical head is sequentiallyprocessed in real time and outputted as a reproducing signal. On theother hand, in the conventional optical disc recording and/orreproducing apparatus, digitalized data information signals are appliedto the optical head. A light beam according to the data emitted from theoptical head is irradiated on the optical disc. As result, the data isrecorded on a recording layer of the optical disc by the optical head.

However, in such a conventional optical recording and/or reproducingapparatus, a so-called track jump occurs during recording or reproducingoperations when external vibrations, a shock, etc., occurs. When thetrack jump occurs during the recording operation, the recording data isrecorded on another track which is not the desired track during therecording operation. When the track jump occurs during the reproducingoperation, a sound skip occurs.

Particularly in the conventional optical disc recording and/orreproducing apparatus, if the track jump occurs during the recordingoperation, an irradiation position of the light beam from the opticalhead on the optical disc may be moved to the already recorded track. Asa result, the data recorded on the optical disc is destroyed by themoved light beam. For this reason, in the conventional optical discrecording and/or reproducing apparatus, the recording and/or reproducingunit is mounted in a cabinet via a shock absorbing mechanism. The shockabsorbing mechanism controls the external vibration, the shock, etc.transmitted to the recording and/or reproducing unit. However, it isdifficult to interrupt the transmission of the external vibration, theshock, etc. to the recording and/or reproducing unit.

In view of this problem, the applicant has proposed an optical discrecording and/or reproducing apparatus capable of resolving a trackjump, a sound skip and other defects in Japanese Patent Application No.02-222824 which is published as Japanese Laid-Open Patent PublicationNo. 04 105273 (JP-A- 04105273) filed previously.

In FIG. 1, a reference numeral 1 indicates an optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus proposed previously by the applicant. A referencenumeral 2 indicates a magneto-optical disc as a recording medium. Themagneto-optical disc 2 is rotated by a spindle motor 1A. In this opticaldisc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, the magneto-optical disc 2is irradiated by at least one light beam emitted from an optical head 3.The recording layer of the magneto-optical disc 2 is heated to thetemperature of the Curie point or above by the light beam from theoptical head 3. At the same time, the magneto-optical disc 2 issubjected to a modulated vertical magnetic field by a magnetic head 4driven with recording data. As a result, the magnetized direction of therecording layer of the magneto-optical disc 2 is rotated according tothe vertical magnetic field applied by the magnetic head 4 and therecording data is thermomagnetically recorded on the magneto-opticaldisc 2 along tracks of the magneto-optical disc 2. The above-mentionedrecording method for using the modulated magnetic field is the so-calledmagnetic field modulation method.

On the other hand, during reproduction, the magneto-optical disc 2 isirradiated only by the light beam from the optical head 3. The lightbeam emitted from the optical head 3 is scanned along the tracks of themagneto-optical disc 2. As a result, the recording data recorded on themagneto-optical disc 2 is reproduced according to a reflected light beamfrom the recording layer of the magneto-optical disc 2 utilizing theKerr effect.

The optical head 3 is disposed so as to face the magnetic head 4 whichgenerates the modulated magnetic field across the magneto-optical disc2. The optical head 3 radiates at least one light beam from a light beamsource such as, for example, a laser diode element or the like to themagneto-optical disc 2 and focuses the light beam on the recording layerof the magneto-optical disc 2 by an objective lens.

In the optical head 3, the light beam reflected by the magneto-opticaldisc 2 is guided to a beam splitter through the objective lens. The beamsplitter separates the light beam emitted from the light beam source andthe light beam reflected by the magneto-optical disc 2. The separatedlight beam reflected by the magneto-optical disc 2 is led to a lightreceiving optical system. The light receiving optical system includes anoptical element such as, for example, a cylindrical lens which is usedfor detecting a focusing error according to a so-called astigmatismmethod and a photodetector which is used to detect a tracking erroraccording to a so-called push-pull method and reproducing the recordeddata. The photodetector has at least two receiving areas which arearranged in a perpendicular direction to the tracks of themagneto-optical disc 2. In the push-pull method, a tracking error signalis generated corresponding to a difference signal between the outputsignals from the two receiving areas of the photodetector. The opticalhead 3 further includes an electromagnetic actuator for moving theobjective lens in a focusing direction and a tracking direction. Theactuator is driven in accordance with a focusing error signal generatedcorresponding to the focusing error and the tracking error signal. Inthe recording and reproducing apparatus 1, the output signal from theoptical head 3 is supplied to an RF circuit 5. The RF circuit 5generates the focusing error signal, the tracking error signal and areproducing signal. The RF circuit 5 supplies the focusing error signaland the tracking error signal to a servo control circuit 6 and suppliesthe reproducing signal to a decoder 21.

The servo control circuit 6 includes a focusing control circuit, atracking control circuit, a spindle control circuit and a sled controlcircuit. The focusing control circuit drives the electromagneticactuator of the optical head 3 so as to keep the focusing error signalon a zero level. Thereby the focusing control circuit focusing controlsthe light beam emitted from the optical head 3 to focus on themagneto-optical disc 2. The tracking control circuit drives theelectromagnetic actuator of the optical head 3 so as to keep thetracking error signal on a zero level. Thereby the tracking controlcircuit controls the light beam emitted from the optical head 3 to thetrack of the magneto-optical disc 2 to trace the track. The spindlecontrol circuit controls the spindle motor 1A so as to drive and rotatethe magneto-optical disc 2 at a predetermined rotational speed, forexample, a constant linear velocity. The sled control circuit transfersthe optical head 3 and the magnetic head 4 in a radial direction of themagneto-optical disc 2 to the target track of the magneto-optical disc2. The servo control circuit 6 outputs output data indicating anoperating state of each part such as the focusing control circuit or theother control circuits to a system controller 7. The system controller 7monitors the operating state of the servo control circuits 6 accordingto the output signal from the servo control circuit 6.

An abnormality detecting circuit 30 as shown in FIG. 2 includes a focusmonitor circuit 31, a track jump detecting circuit 32, a discontinuitydetecting circuit 33 and a gate circuit 34. The focus monitor circuit 31is supplied with the focusing error signal from the RF circuit 5 andmonitors the level of the focusing error signal. As a result, adefocused state of the optical head 3 is detected by the focus monitorcircuit 31. The track jump detecting circuit 32 monitors the level ofthe tracking error to detect a track jump. The discontinuity detectingcircuit 33 monitors a sub-Q data or a header time of a reproducingsignal from the decoder 21 as later explained to detect a discontinuityof the address data of the reproducing signal. The abnormality detectingcircuit 30 outputs output signals from the focus monitor circuit 31, thetrack jump detecting circuit 32 and the discontinuity detecting circuit33 through the gate circuit 34 to the system controller 7. As a resultthe system controller 7 monitors whether the abnormalities such as trackjumps and the like occur or not.

The system controller 7 is connected to an input device such as akeyboard 8 and a display unit 9. The system controller 7 controls therecording and the reproducing systems according to an operation modeassigned through the input device 8. The display unit 9 displays areproducing time supplied from the system controller 7. The systemcontroller 7 controls a scanning position and a reproducing position ofthe optical head 3 and the magnetic head 4 relative to themagneto-optical disc 2 corresponding to the address data detected fromthe header time, the sub-Q data and other data in sector units of thereproducing data from the magneto-optical disc 2.

On the other hand, when a bit compression mode is assigned through theinput device 8, the system controller 7 switches the bit compressionmode of an ADPCM encoder 13 and displays the bit compression mode dataand the bit compression mode in the reproducing data on the display unit9. The display unit 9 further displays the reproducing time according toa data compression ratio in the bit compression mode and reproducingposition data of the optical head 3 to the magneto-optical disc 2 by thesystem controller 7. The reproducing time as a real-reproducing time isdetected by multiplying the address data such as an absolute time datain the sector units detected by the header time, the sub-Q data and theother data by an inverse number (4, for example, when the compressionratio is 1/4) of the data compression ratio in each bit compressionmode. The system controller 7 controls the display unit 9 to display thedetected reproducing time as the real reproducing time. During therecording operation, in the case where the absolute time data isrecorded in a track of the magneto-optical disc, i.e., the absolute timedata is preformatted in a track of the magneto-optical disc 2, thesystem controller 7 calculates a real recording time according to thepreformatted absolute time data read out from the magneto-optical disc 2to multiply the inverse number of the data compression ratio. Thedisplay unit 9 displays the real recording time by the system controller7.

In the recording system of the optical recording and reproducingapparatus 1, an audio signal AIN as an analog signal is supplied to alow-pass filter (LPF) 11 through an input terminal 10. The output signalof the LPF 11 is supplied to an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 12.The A/D converter 12 quantizes the audio signal AIN, and outputs digitalaudio data obtained in result to the ADPCM (Adaptive Delta PCM) encoder13. The ADPCM encoder 13 compresses digital audio data inputted insequence from the A/D converter 12 according to a CD-I (Compact DiscInteractive) format. The ADPCM encoder 13 is controlled by the systemcontroller 7 to switch a processing mode of the data compression. When,for example, the data compression mode is set to a mode of B level ofthe CD-I format, the ADPCM encoder 13 converts the digital audio datainputted in sequence into 4-bit compressed data, having a 37.8 KHzsampling frequency, as ADPCM audio data, and outputs the compressed datato a memory 14 such as a random access memory. In the stereo mode of theB level, the ADPCM encoder 13 reduces a data transfer rate to 18.75sectors/sec to process the of digital audio data.

In the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, the A/Dconverter 12 operates on a frequency 44.1 KHz as a sampling frequency ofnormal CD-DA format, which is a so-called Compact Disc format. As aresult, in the optical recording apparatus and reproducing apparatus,after the digital audio data 44.1 KHz in frequency has its ratetransformed into 37.8 KHz in frequency, 16 bits of digital audio data iscompressed to 4 bits of digital audio data.

Additionally, the sampling frequency of the A/D converter 12 may beswitched and controlled according to the compression mode, but in thiscase a frequency characteristic of the LPF 11 will be switched accordingto the sampling frequency of the A/D converter 12.

The memory 14 operates as a buffer memory and is controlled by thesystem controller 7. Thus, the memory 14 stores the ADPCM audio dataoutputted from the ADPCM encoder 13 temporarily and then outputs insequence as occasion demands.

In the aforementioned B level stereo mode, the ADPCM audio data inputtedto the memory 14 has its transfer rate reduced to 18.75 sectors/sec, andthis compressed data is written in the memory 14 continuously. The ADPCMaudio data is once interleaved, and then outputted intermittently at apredetermined timing, therefore data for one sector is recorded in themagneto-optical disc 2 for the period covering four sectors.Consequently in the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1,the recording system which will be described hereinlater is employed torecord the ADPCM audio data for the sector to continue accordingly.

With a cluster having a predetermined plurality of sectors, for example,32 sectors in this case as the unit of recording data, the recordingoperation is carried out in a burst-like manner, which means the datastored in the memory 14 is read out in a predetermined data unit, i.e.,the stored data in the memory 14 is not continuously read out from thememory 14, at the rate of 75 sectors/sec through a quiescent period.Consequently, the memory 14 stores the ADPCM audio data continuously ata low transfer rate of 18.75 (=75/4) sectors/sec according to the bitcompression rate, transforms the stored ADPCM audio data into a transferrate of 75 sectors/sec to output in the burst-like manner at apredetermined timing. Thus the memory 14 transforms a transfer rate ofthe ADPCM audio data from 18.75 sector/sec to 75 sectors/sec to outputintermittently. When the magneto-optical disc 2 rotates at the samelinear velocity as the normal CD-DA format, the ADPCM audio data isrecorded at the same recording density and recording pattern as theCD-DA format.

A encoder 15 is supplied with the ADPCM audio data outputted from thememory 14 and carries out a coding process which is adds a parity codeand interleaving for error correction, and then applies an EFM codingprocess thereto. Further, the encoder 15 outputs the encoded ADPCM audiodata according to the recording format, and the magneto-optical disc 2is recorded with the recording data in predetermined data units ascluster units which have cluster linking sectors arranged before andafter each cluster as shown in FIG. 3. The cluster linking sectors areset to be longer than the length for interleaving of the encoder 15,thus the interleaving process exerts no influence on data of otherclusters. The organization of the cluster unit will be later describedwith reference to FIG. 3.

A magnetic head driving circuit 16 drives the magnetic head 4 accordingto output data of the encoder 15. The magnetic head 4 generates amodulated magnetic field according to output data from the encoder 15.At this time, the system controller 7 controls an operation of thememory 14, and also controls positions of the optical head 3 and themagnetic head 4 relative to the magneto-optical disc 2. The systemcontroller 7 then holds the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 4 atpredetermined positions relative to the magneto-optical disc 2, and alsocontrols the read timing of the memory 14. As a result, the ADPCM audiodata is continuously recorded in a predetermined track of themagneto-optical disc by the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 4.

During the recording operation, when the system controller 7 receivesthe output signal from the abnormality detecting circuit 30, the systemcontroller 7 immediately generates a control signal which decreases theintensity of the light beam to prevent an erroneous recording by themagnetic head 4, and further outputs an another control signal, so as toreturn to a normal state from the abnormal state, to the optical head 3and the other devices of the optical disc recording and reproducingapparatus 1. Thus the system controller 7 operates to prevent anerroneous recording where there arises an abnormal state such as trackjump, defocused state or the like.

Described next is the reproducing system of the optical disc recordingand reproducing apparatus 1.

That is, in a reproducing mode, the decoder 21 receives binary-codedreproduced data outputted from the RF circuit 5 to carry out an EFMdecoding process and an error correcting process. At this time, thesystem controller 7 causes the magneto-optical disc 2 to be rotated at ahigh speed as compared with the case where the optical disc of a normalCD-DA format is reproduced, and thus the reproduced data is processed inthe decoder 21 at a transfer rate of 75 sectors/sec. The output signalfrom the decoder 21 is supplied to the discontinuity detecting circuit33 and a memory 22.

The memory 22 such as a random access memory is controlled by the systemcontroller 7 to change the operation and store output data outputtedfrom the decoder 21 during reproduction, and outputs the temporarilystored output data in sequence at a predetermined transmission speed.During writing of the reproducing data in the memory 22 in a burst-likemanner, the data is discontinuously reproduced from the magneto-opticaldisc 2 in predetermined data units, at a 75 sector/sec transfer rate,and the memory 22 outputs the reproducing data continuously at a 18.75sectors/sec transfer rate. This reduces the transmission speed from thatduring recording and outputs the reproducing data continuously.Consequently, the system controller 7 controls the memory 22 asdescribed hereinabove, and also controls the servo control circuit 6 soas to obtain the reproducing data at a transfer rate of 75 sectors/sec.At this time the system controller 7 controls positions of the opticalhead 3 and the magnetic head 4 so that the reproducing data is outputcontinuously when written in the memory 22 in the burst-like manner.

An ADPCM decoder 23 carries out a process counter to the ADPCM encoder13 correspondingly to the ADPCM encoder 13 of the recording system. TheADPCM decoder 23 processes the reproducing data outputted from thememory 22 in sequence in the operation mode set by the system controller7, and expands the ADPCM audio data four times to convert the outputteddata into digital audio data.

A digital-to-analog (D/A) converter 24 is supplied with the digitalaudio data outputted from the ADPCM decoder 23 and transforms thedigital audio data into an analog signal to generate an audio signalAOUT, and outputs the audio signal AOUT through a low-pass filter (LPF)25 and an output terminal 26.

The reproducing system of the optical disc recording and reproducingapparatus 1 is then provided with a digital output function, and has adigital output circuit 27 and an digital output terminal 28. The outputdata as a digital audio signal of the ADPCM decoder 23 is outputtedthrough the digital output circuit 27 and the digital output terminal28.

A recording/reproducing operation of the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus constructed as above is as follows:

As shown in FIG. 3, data read out from the memory 14 as recording datais converted to a plurality of predetermined data blocks, at each blockhaving a plural number of sectors, for example, 32 sectors B0 to B31.The predetermined data block is called a cluster and cluster linkingsectors are arranged between these clusters. The sectors for linking theclusters are allocated in 5 pieces each as linking sectors L1 to L5before and after a cluster Cn. In the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, for recording data with reference, for example,to a k-th cluster Ck, the data is recorded in 38 sectors all toldincluding the linking sectors, three each before and after the cluster,that is, the three sectors L3 to L5 on the side of a cluster Ck-1(hereinafter called run-in blocks) and the three sectors L1 to L3 on theside of a cluster Ck+1 (hereinafter called run-out blocks).

The encoder 15 applies an interleaving process to the recording data forthese 38 sectors, and when the data is recorded in 38 sectors in thiscase, there may be a case where an influence is exerted on the recordingdata of the clusters coming before and after thereof. However, theencoder 15 rearranges the recording data in a distance of 108 framesmaximum (corresponding to about 1.1 sectors) for interleaving.Meanwhile, in the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, adistance long enough to cover the distance for rearrangement may besecured before and after the cluster by disposing the run-in blocks L3to L5 and the run-out blocks L1 to L3 before and after the cluster, andhence when recording the data in 38 sectors, no influence will beexerted on the recording data assigned to the clusters coming before andafter thereof.

Then, dummy data having a 0 value, for example, is assigned to thelinking sectors L1 to L5, thereby avoiding an evil influence on theoriginal data through interleaving.

Similarly, when recording the next cluster Ck+1, the optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus 1 records the data in 38 sectors,however, the data may be recorded in this case in 37 sectors barring onesector L3 of the run-in blocks or the run-out blocks.

As a result, from providing the run-in blocks and the run-out blockslong enough to cover the maximum distance rearranged throughinterleaving and recording data in clusters, an interference with otherclusters at the time of interleaving can be prevented, therebyprocessing the reproducing data easily. Further, when the recording datacannot be recorded normally at the time of recording due to defocusing,tracking error or other erroneous operations, the data can easily bere-recorded by recording and reproducing it intermittently in 38sectors, and the reproducing operation can be repeated in clusters atthe time of reproducing. Accordingly in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, a sound skip and others at the time of trackjump can be avoided by repeating the recording or reproducing operationeasily.

The system controller 7 hence carries out a procedure shown in FIG. 4 tocontrol the entire operation during the recording operation. That is, ina recording mode, the system controller 7 shifts from step SP1 to stepSP2, where whether or not recording data for one cluster is stored inthe memory 14 is decided, and if a negative result is obtained, step SP2is repeated.

If the recording data for one cluster is stored in the memory 14, thenan affirmative result is obtained in step SP2, therefore the systemcontroller 7 shifts to step SP3, and drives the optical head 3 and themagnetic head 4 to start recording of the recording data.

The system controller 7 then shifts to step SP4, where a recordingoperation for one cluster is monitored, and whether or not the recordingdata has been recorded completely is decided.

When an affirmative result is obtained here, the system controller 7shifts to step SP5 to set the power of the light beam to a reproducinglevel, and then shifts to step SP6, where whether or not the recordingdata has all been recorded thoroughly is decided.

If a negative result is obtained, then the system controller 7 returnsto step SP2.

Thus the system controller 7 repeats the processing loop coming in stepsSP2--SP3--SP4--SP5--SP6--SP2, repeats the recording operation assecuring a space area K not less than a predetermined quantity at alltimes in the memory 14, and when the recording is completed entirely forthe recording data, it shifts to step SP7 to close the procedure.

If a negative result is obtained in step SP4 in this case, the systemcontroller 7 shifts to step SP8, and decides whether or not anabnormality is detected by the abnormality detecting circuit 30.

If a negative result is obtained here, the system controller 7 returnsto step SP4, and while the data for one cluster is recorded, anabnormality detecting operation of the abnormality detecting circuit 30is monitored.

When an abnormality is detected by the abnormality detecting circuit 30in such state, the system controller 7 shifts to step SP9 to switch theintensity of light beam immediately to the reproducing level, therebykeeping the recorded data from being erased erroneously.

The system controller 7 then shifts to step SP10 to output a controlsignal to the servo control circuit 6, thereby returning the recordingsystem from an abnormal state.

The system controller 7 further shifts to step SP11 to set again therecording data for the cluster on which an abnormality has beendetected, and then shifts to step SP3 to commence a re-recording of therecording data.

As a result, it operates for recording in clusters, and when anabnormality is detected by the abnormality detecting circuit 30 duringthe recording operation, the recording operation is recommenced for thecluster on which the abnormality has been detected, thereby securing acontinuity of the recording data.

Further, from recording the recording data stored in the memory 14 byrepeating the processing loop coming in stepsSP2--SP3--SP4--SP5--SP6--SP2 consecutively, a quantity of the recordingdata stored in the memory 14 during a return operation will be reduced,and thus the space area K of the memory 14 can be secured.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 5, in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, one sector (block) is formed of 2352-byte data,of which the first 12 bytes are assigned to synchronizing data, thefollowing 4 bytes are assigned to header data, and the remaining 2336bytes are assigned to the ADPCM audio data and others. As shown in FIG.6, if each sector (block) is expressed in a two-dimensional array, thesynchronizing 12 bytes have the first 1 byte set to 00H (H indicating ahexadecimal number), the following 10 bytes set to FFH, and theremaining 1 byte set to 00H. Further, the ensuing 4-byte header has dataof MINUTE, SECOND and BLOCK assigned 1 byte each, the MINUTE, SECOND andBLOCK forming an address part, and then 1-byte data for mode data isassigned. The mode data is that for indicating chiefly a CD-ROM format,and the sector structure shown here is that of corresponding to MODE 2of the CD-ROM format. In this connection the CD-I format is a standardusing MODE 2 of the CD-ROM format, and a content of 12-byte data (D0001to D0008) following to the aforementioned header is specified as shownin FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 8, a synchronization byte and a header byteof FORM 1 and FORM 2 of the CD-I format are identical with MODE 2 of theCD-ROM format shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 6, and an ensuing sub-header hasthe standard of the CD-ROM format shown in FIG. 3 applied thereto. Thesub-header has data D0001, D0005 assigned to the file number, dataD0002, D0006 assigned to the channel number, data D0003, D0007 assignedto the sub-mode information, and data D0004, D0008 assigned to the datatype information, and the identical content is written double for thedata D0001 to D0004, D0005 to D0008 each. For the following 2328 bytes,while 2048 bytes are assigned for user data, 4 bytes are assigned forerror detection, 172 bytes are assigned for P parity, and 104 bytes areassigned for 0 parity in FORM 1 of the CD-I format, 2324 bytes areassigned for user data, and the remaining 4 bytes are assigned toreserve data in FORM 2 of the CD-I format. Thus, while FORM 1 of theCD-I format is intended for recording character information, binarydata, high-compressed video data and others, FORM 2 of the CD-I formatis applied for recording high-compressed audio data and video data. Incase the compressed audio data is recorded, in FORM 2 of the CD-Iformat, 2324 bytes of the user data are divided to form 18 sound groups(2304 bytes all told) each having 128 bytes, and the remaining 20 bytesare assigned to the space area.

In the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, the data ofsuch a sector structure is subjected to coding by the encoder 15, andthus audio data is recorded in the recording format shown in FIG. 9. Inthe optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, 1 block (1sector) is divided into 98 frames coming in the 1st frame to the 98thframe to recording on the magneto-optical disc. Each frame is allocateda term 558 times (558 T) a channel clock cycle T and is formed of 27 T(3 T being a connecting bit) of a frame synchronous pattern portion, 17T (3 T being a connecting bit) of a sub-code portion, and 544 T of adata (audio data and parity data) portion. The 544 T data portion ofeach frame has two portions of 12 bytes (12 symbols) of audio data and 4bytes of parity data formed through EFM modulation, and hence 24 bytesof audio data.

As shown in FIG. 10, on the other hand, the 14 T sub-code portion has 8bits of sample code data formed through EFM modulation, data of thesub-code channel being allocated to each bit. The sub-code channel datais blocked in 98 frames to recording, thereby forming 8 sub-codechannels P to W for the 98 frames. However, the sub-code portions of thefirst and second frames have EFM out-of-rule block synchronous patternsS0, S1 allocated, and the practical sub-code channels P to W areallocated to 96 bits from the third frame to the 98th frame.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 11, in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, data similar to the CD-DA format, that is,audio data (expressed by CD-DA data) 44.1 KHz in sampling frequency, 16bits in quantizing bit number and 75 sectors/sec in data transfer rateis outputted from the A/D converter 12, and after the sampling frequencyis transformed into 37.8 KHz by the ADPCM encoder 13, the quantizing bitis compressed to 4 bits. Thus in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, the data transfer rate is reduced to 1/4, andthe ADPCM audio data which is transferred at 18.75 sectors/sec isgenerated. When inputting or outputting the ADPCM audio data to or fromthe memory 14, the system controller 7 increments, as shown in FIG. 12,a write pointer W (a read pointer being indicated by symbol R incorrespondence to the write pointer) of the memory 14 continuously at arate corresponding to the data transfer rate of 18.75 sectors/sec. As aresult, the ADPCM audio data is continuously stored in the memory 14 atthe transfer rate of 18.75 sector/sec. Further the system controller 7monitors a quantity of the ADPCM audio data stored in the memory 14, andwhen the data quantity reaches a predetermined quantity K or over, theread pointer R of the memory 14 is incremented at the burst-like mannerat a rate corresponding to the data transfer rate of 75 sectors/sec bythe system controller 7. Thus in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, the ADPCM audio data is outputted as recordingdata in the burst-like manner in the unit of the predetermined quantityK at the transfer rate 75 sectors/sec. The aforementioned predeterminedquantity K is defined with the data quantity for one cluster as a unit.

In the recording system of the optical disc recording and reproducingapparatus 1, the ADPCM audio data outputted continuously at a transferrate of 18.75 sectors/sec is stored in the memory 14, and the ADPCMaudio data within the memory 14 is read out in the predeterminedquantity K in the burst-like manner at the transfer rate of 75sectors/sec. As a result, when the ADPCM audio data is processed, aspace area which is not stored with the data yet is always secured for apredetermined quantity or more within the memory 14. Further, inrecording system of the optical disc recording and reproducingapparatus, the recording data is recorded continuously on the track ofthe magneto-optical disc 2 to control the recording position on themagneto-optical disc 2, however, the recording data is read out from thememory 14 in the burst-like manner. At this time, in the optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus 1, a space area of a predeterminedquantity or over is secured at all times in the memory 14, and henceeven in case a recording operation is interrupted for a track jump, theADPCM audio data can be stored in the memory 14 by using the space area,and also the recording data can be recorded continuously on the track ofthe magneto-optical disc 2 after operation for the return process. Theoptical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1 then generates headertime data corresponding to a physical address of the sector, and addsthe header time data at every sector of the ADPCM audio data to recordon the magneto-optical disc 2.

In the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, the positiondata of the recording area recorded with the ADPCM audio data and thecontent data indicating the recording mode are recorded in a contentarea of the magneto-optical disc 2.

Next, as shown in FIG. 13, in the reproducing system of the optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus 1, a write pointer W of the memory22 is incremented at a rate corresponding to the data transfer rate of75 sectors/sec by the system controller 7, and thus reproducing data iswritten in the memory 22 at the transfer rate of 75 sectors/sec.Further, in the reproducing system of the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, a read pointer R of the memory 22 isincremented continuously at a rate corresponding to the data transferrate of 18.75 sectors/sec, and thus reproducing data is outputtedcontinuously from the memory 22 at the transfer rate of 18.75sectors/sec. At this time, the system controller 7 stops to write whenthe write pointer W catches up with the read pointer R, but recommenceswriting when the reproducing data in the memory 22 drops down to apredetermined quantity or below.

Thus in the reproducing system of the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, when the transfer rate is reduced through thememory 22 to store the reproducing data, the reproducing data isoutputted continuously by holding the reproducing data coming at apredetermined quantity L or over in the memory 22 at all times. Further,in the reproducing system of the optical disc recording and reproducingapparatus 1, the reproducing data is outputted continuously from thememory 22 to control the reproducing position on the magneto-opticaldisc 2, however, the reproducing data is reproduced from themagneto-optical disc 2 at the burst-like manner.

Thus in the reproducing system of the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 1, the reproducing data coming at thepredetermined quantity L or over is secured in the memory 22, which isready for reading out the reproducing data stored in the memory 22 andoutputting an analog audio signal continuously even in case a track jumpoccurs.

Meanwhile, in the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1,the ADPCM audio data is thus recorded through the memory 14 in which aspace area is secured for a predetermined quantity, therefore even incase a track jump occurs, recording data can be recorded continuously ona track of the magneto-optical disc 2.

However, in the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, theADPCM audio data is inputted to the memory 14 even when an abnormalstate is detected during re-recording, therefore if a track jump arises,then the available space area of the memory 14 will be reduced. Thus inthe optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 1, when a trackjump occurs too frequently, the space area of the memory 14 cannot besecured after all. As result, in the memory 14, the ADPCM audio datainputted in sequence will be recorded in a recording area of the ADPCMaudio data not yet recorded. A problem inherent in the optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus 1 is therefore that when the trackjumps occur too often, there may be recording of discontinuous recordingdata on the magneto-optical disc 2.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide an optical discrecording apparatus which resolves the above mentioned problems.

It is another object of the invention to provide an optical discrecording apparatus capable of preventing a discontinuous recording ofdata even in case a track jump occurs frequently.

According to a first embodiment of the present of the invention, thereis provided an optical disc recording apparatus including a memory, arecording device, a detector and a controller. The memory stores inputdata in sequence at a first transmission rate and reads out the storedinput data at a second transmission rate which is faster than the firsttransmission rate and outputs the data read at the second transmissionrate as recording data in predetermined data units. The recording deviceadds a cluster connecting sector with a data length long enough to covera distance to rearrange data through interleaving before and after therecording data in the predetermined data unit and or recording theinterleaved data on an optical disc. The detector detects an abnormalityof the recording operation of the recording device and outputs an outputsignal as an abnormality detected result. The controller controls therecording device to stop re-recording and display an error message iftoo many abnormality detected results occur in too short a period oftime to be accommodated by the memory.

According to a second embodiment of the present of the invention, thereis provided an optical disc recording apparatus including a memory, arecording device, a first detector, a second detector and a controller.The memory stores input data in sequence at a first transmission rate,and reads out the stored input data at a second transmission rate whichis faster than the first transmission rate and outputs the data read atthe second transmission rate as recording data in predetermined dataunits. The recording device adds a cluster connecting sector with a datalength long enough to cover a distance to rearrange data throughinterleaving before and after the recording data in the predetermineddata unit and records the interleaved data on an optical disc. The firstdetector detects an abnormality of the recording operation of therecording device and outputs an output signal as an abnormality detectedresult. The second detector monitors the capacity of the memory to storethe input data and outputs an output signal as a monitored result. Thecontroller controls the recording device corresponding to the outputsignal from the first detector and the output signal from the seconddetector.

In the above-described invention, an abnormality during recordingoperation is detected, and the recording device is controlled accordingto the abnormality detection result obtained within a predeterminedperiod. As a result, a re-recording of recording data can be stopped atthe point in time when an available space area, which is the capacityfor storing recording data, of the memory cannot be secured. Further, anavailable space area of the memory is monitored, and from thecontrolling operation of the recording device according to a monitoredresult, a re-recording of the recording data can be stopped at the pointin time when the space area of the memory cannot be secured.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be more readily understood with reference to theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a background art optical disc recordingand reproducing apparatus.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a conventional abnormality detectingcircuit.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of arecording format.

FIG. 4 shows a flow chart serving for a description of a recordingoperation.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of sectordata.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a sector structure.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of a CD-ROMformat.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a data structure of a CD-I format.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of a frameand a block format.

FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of sub-codedata.

FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of audioprocessing.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of memorycontrol in a recording system.

FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram serving for a description of memorycontrol in a conventional reproducing system.

FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 15 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of a third embodiment of the presentinvention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A first embodiment of the invention will be described in detail withreference to FIG. 14. In FIG. 14, like elements corresponding to thosein FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals and will not bedescribed. In FIG. 14, a reference numeral 35 indicates an optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus as a whole. In the first embodiment,the output signal as the abnormality detection result from theabnormality detecting circuit 30 is supplied to a timer 40 and a counter41. The system controller 7 is supplied with an output signal from thecounter 41.

The timer 40 includes a reference clock generating circuit and a countercircuit (not shown). A reference clock generated by the reference clockgenerating circuit is counted by the counter circuit. The timer 40outputs a control signal to the counter 41 when a predetermined period,for example, 3 seconds have passed after a first abnormality detectionresult from the abnormality detecting circuit 30 is supplied to thetimer 40. The counter 41 is stopped from counting the abnormalitydetection signal by the control signal from the timer 40. The countercircuit of the timer 40 starts counting the reference clock with thereceipt of the first abnormality detection result from the abnormalitydetecting circuit 30.

At the same time that the timer 40 starts counting the reference clock,the counter 41 sets a count value to 1 according to the abnormalitydetection result from the abnormality detecting circuit 30 and thencounts the ensuing abnormality detection results. The counter 41 outputsan output signal as the counting result to the system controller 7 whenthe count value reaches a predetermined value, for example, "3" in thepredetermined period determined by the timer 40.

A recording and a reproducing system of the optical recording andreproducing apparatus 35 are controlled by the system controller 7 as inthe case of the optical recording and reproducing apparatus shown inFIG. 1. In the optical recording and reproducing apparatus 35, when theabnormality detection result is obtained from the abnormality detectingcircuit 30, the recording operation is interrupted and then therecording data is re-recorded on the magneto-optical disc 2 in therecording mode, and the reproducing operation is repeated in thereproducing mode. Accordingly, in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 35, the recording data can be recordedcontinuously on the magneto-optical disc 2 and the reproducing data canbe outputted continuously via the memory 22 when a track jump occurs. Inthe recording mode, when a count value of "3" as the predetermined valueis outputted from the counter 41 to the system controller 7, the systemcontroller 7 stops the recording operation and controls the display unit9 to display an error message.

In the embodiment, the memory 14 is capable of storing an amount ofrecording ADPCM audio data corresponding to 3 seconds of the audiosignal AIN. In the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 35,after an abnormality is detected by the abnormality detecting circuit30, a period of time, for example, a maximum of 1 second will berequired for transferring the optical head and the magnetic head 4 tocomplete a re-recording operation. Accordingly, in the optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus 35, a space area, representing thecapacity for storing new recording data, of the memory 14 can be securedin case the abnormality detection result is obtained three times untilthe re-recording operation is completed after an abnormality wasdetected by the abnormality detecting circuit 30. However, if theabnormality detection result is obtained four times or more during thepredetermined period, for example 3 seconds in this case, the availablespace area of the memory 14 is no longer present, and the recording datawill be updated by the memory 14 before the re-recording operation iscompleted. That is, when the count value of the counter 41 comes to "3"the available space area of the memory 14 becomes incapable of storingthe recording data to complete the re-recording operation at one time.As a result, the recording data can not be recorded continuously on themagneto-optical disc 2. Accordingly, in the optical recording andreproducing apparatus 35, when the count value of the counter 41 becomes"3" the recording operation is stopped and the error message isdisplayed on the display unit 9, thereby preventing the recording datafrom being discontinuously recorded on the magneto-optical disc 2.

Next, a second embodiment of the invention will be described in detailwith reference to FIG. 15. In FIG. 15, like elements corresponding tothose in FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals and willnot be described. In FIG. 15, a reference numeral 50 indicates anoptical disc recording and reproducing apparatus as a whole. The opticaldisc recording and reproducing apparatus 50 includes a remaining dataquantity detection circuit 51. The detection circuit 51 detects thecapacity of the space area, i.e., the capacity for storing new recordingdata, of the memory 14. The detection circuit 51 monitors the space areaof the memory 14 to calculate the space between a write pointer W and aread pointer R of the memory 14 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. If the readpointer R is an up stream address with respect to the write pointer W,the space area of the memory 14 is the capacity which has a startaddress decided by the read pointer R and an end address decided thewrite pointer W. In other words, the space area of the memory in thiscase is defined as the capacity between the read pointer R and the writepointer W. If the write pointer W is an up stream address with respectto the read pointer R, the space area of the memory 14 is defined bysubtracting the capacity between the write pointer W and the readpointer R from the whole capacity of the memory 14. In this case, inother words, the space area of the memory 14 is defined by adding thecapacity from the start address of the memory 14 to the write pointer Wand the capacity from the read pointer R to the end address of thememory 14.

A recording and a reproducing system of the optical recording andreproducing apparatus 50 are controlled by the system controller 7 ofthe optical recording and reproducing apparatus shown in FIG. 1. In theoptical recording and reproducing apparatus 50, when an abnormalitydetection result is obtained from the abnormality detecting circuit 30,the recording operation is interrupted and then the recording data isre-recorded on the magneto-optical disc 2 in the recording mode, and thereproducing operation is repeated in the reproducing mode. Accordingly,in the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 50, therecording data can be recorded continuously on the magneto-optical disc2 and the reproducing data can be outputted continuously via the memory22 when a track jump occurs.

In the embodiment of FIG. 15, the memory 14 is capable of storing therecording ADPCM audio data corresponding to 3 seconds of the audiosignal AIN. In the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 50,after an abnormality is detected by the abnormality detecting circuit30, a period of time, for example, a maximum of 1 second will berequired for transferring the optical head and the magnetic head 4 tocomplete a re-recording operation. Accordingly, in the optical discrecording and reproducing apparatus 50, the space area of the memory 14can be secured in case the abnormality detection result is obtainedthree times until the re-recording operation is completed afterabnormality was detected by the abnormality detecting circuit 30.However, in the recording and reproducing apparatus 50, when therecording data stored in the memory 14 is re-recorded on themagneto-optical disc 2, the recording and reproducing apparatus 50cannot deal with a fourth abnormality detection result because thememory 14 already stores the recording data according to the first tothe third abnormality detection results. If the system controller 7receives another abnormality detection result from the detection circuit30, the recording data cannot be continuously recorded on themagneto-optical disc 2 and the data stored in the memory 14 is rewrittenby the inputted data. In this second embodiment, during re-recording ofthe recording data, the system controller 7 monitors a monitored resultof the detection circuit 51, and decides whether or not the remainingdata quantity as the space area of the memory 14 stands at apredetermined value or below. When the remaining quantity in the memory14 comes to the predetermined value or below, the system controller 7decides whether or not the re-recording operation is completed, and if anegative result is obtained, the recording operation is stopped, andthen an error message is displayed on the display unit 9. When theremaining quantity in the memory 14 comes to the predetermined value orbelow, the system controller 7 decides whether or not the re-recordingoperation is completed, and if an affirmative result is obtained, therecording operation is continued.

In this case, accordingly, in the optical disc recording and reproducingapparatus 50, it secures a continuity of the data recorded on themagneto-optical disc 2. Thus, in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 50, when the space area of the memory 14 stands ata predetermined value or below, a recording of discontinuous recordingdata can be prevented by stopping the re-recording operation in case atrack jump occurs frequently.

Next, a third embodiment of the invention will be described in detailwith reference to FIG. 16. In FIG. 16, like elements corresponding tothose in FIG. 1 are identified by the same reference numerals and willnot be described. In FIG. 16, a reference numeral 60 indicates anoptical disc recording and reproducing apparatus as a whole. The opticaldisc recording and reproducing apparatus 60 includes a frequencydetecting circuit 61. The frequency detecting circuit 61 detects thefrequency of an abnormality detection result from the abnormalitydetecting circuit 30. The frequency detection circuit 61 countsabnormality detection results per predetermined period and detects ageneration frequency of the abnormality detection results.

A recording and a reproducing system of the optical recording andreproducing apparatus 60 are controlled by the system controller 7 as inthe case of the optical recording and reproducing apparatus shown inFIG. 1. In the optical recording and reproducing apparatus 60, when theabnormality detection result is obtained from the abnormality detectingcircuit 30, the recording operation is interrupted and then therecording data is re-recorded on the magneto-optical disc 2 in therecording mode, and the reproducing operation is repeated in thereproducing mode. Accordingly, in the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 60, the recording data can be recordedcontinuously on the magneto-optical disc 2 and the reproducing data canbe outputted continuously via the memory 22 when a track jump occurs.

During re-recording of the recording data, the system controller 7monitors a detection result of the frequency detecting circuit 61, andwhen a generation frequency of the abnormality detection result comes toa predetermined value or over, the system controller 7 decides that therecording data cannot be recorded continuously on the magneto-opticaldisc 2, stops the recording system of the optical disc recording andreproducing apparatus 60, and causes the display unit 9 to display anerror message. The predetermined value of the generation frequency ofthe abnormality detection result is decided according to the capacity ofthe memory 14. For example, if the memory 14 is capable of storing therecording ADPCM audio data corresponding to 3 seconds of the audiosignal AIN and a period of 1 second maximum is required for transferringthe optical head and the magnetic head 4 to complete a re-recordingoperation, the above-mentioned predetermined value is set to 3abnormality detection results per 3 second period.

In addition, the frequency detecting circuit 61 may detect a period ofabnormality detection results from the abnormality detecting circuit 30.In this case, the frequency detecting circuit 61 outputs an outputsignal to the system controller 7 when the period of the abnormalitydetection results from the abnormality detecting circuit 30 is shorterthan a predetermined period. The predetermined period preset in thefrequency detecting circuit 61 is, for example, 3 second, if the memory14 is capable of storing the recording ADPCM audio data corresponding to3 seconds of the audio signal AIN and a period of time of 1 secondmaximum is required for transferring the optical head and the magnetichead 4 to complete a re-recording operation. The frequency detectingcircuit 61 may include a reference clock generating circuit and acounter circuit. The counter circuit of the frequency detecting circuit61 starts to count reference clocks from the reference clock generatingcircuit of the frequency detecting circuit 61 when a first abnormalitydetection result is received and stops counting the reference clockswhen a second abnormality detection result is received. The period ofthe abnormality detecting results is decided according to the number ofthe reference clocks by the system controller 7.

That is, when a track jump or the like arises frequently, the recordingdata cannot be recorded continuously, therefore the recording operationis stopped in the optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus 60according to the output signal from frequency detecting circuit 61,thereby preventing a discontinuous recording of the recording data.

In addition, the above described optical recording and reproducingapparatus stops the recording or re-recording operation according to theoutput signal as the abnormality detection result from the abnormalitydetecting circuit. The recording and reproducing apparatus may use anoutput signal from an acceleration detector, for example, disclosed inJapanese Laid-Open Patent No. 61 270665 (JP-A- 61 270665), JapaneseLaid-Open Patent No. 02 28563 (JP-A- 02 28563) to stop the recording orre-recording operation. In this case, when the system controller detectsthat an output signal from the acceleration detector becomes apredetermined value, it controls the recording system of the opticaldisc recording and reproducing apparatus to stop the recording orre-recording operation.

According to the above-described embodiment, a recording operation isstopped according to a generation frequency of the abnormality detectionresult, thereby preventing a discontinuous recording of the recordingdata.

In the embodiments described above, the description has referred to thecase where recording data is recorded on the magneto-optical disc,however, the invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and isapplicable to various types of optical disc recording and reproducingapparatuses. Further, the recording medium is also not limited to aso-called re-writable type optical disc such as a magneto-optical disconly, but is applicable extensively to a write-once type optical dischaving a recording layer made by organic dye material or the like. Inthe optical disc recording apparatus using the write-once type opticaldisc, the recording data is supplied to a light beam source as a laserdiode. The modulated light beam emitted from the light beam source isirradiated to the write-once type optical disc. As a result, thewrite-once type optical disc is recorded the recording data.

What is claimed is:
 1. An optical recording apparatus comprising:memorymeans for storing input data in sequence at a first transmission rate,reading out the stored input data at a second transmission rate which isfaster than the first transmission rate, and outputting the data read atthe second transmission rate as clusters of recording data; recordingmeans for interleaving the recording data and adding cluster connectingsectors, each cluster connecting sector having a data length long enoughto cover a distance to rearrange data through interleaving before andafter each cluster of recording data and for recording the interleaveddata on an optical disc; detecting means for detecting an abnormality ofthe recording operation of said recording means and outputting an outputsignal as an abnormality detected result; and control means suppliedwith the output signal of the detecting means for controlling saidrecording means to cease re-recording of the interleaved datainterrupted by the abnormality if more than a predetermined number ofabnormalities are detected within a predetermined time period.
 2. Anoptical disc recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein saidcontrol means comprises counter means for counting the output signalfrom said detecting means and timer means supplied with the outputsignal from the detecting means for timing the predetermined time periodbeginning with the output signal from said detecting means.
 3. Anoptical disc recording apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the timermeans outputs a control signal to the counter means to reset the countermeans after the elapse of the predetermined time period.
 4. An opticalrecording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said control meansgenerates a first control signal which controls said recording means tore-record the recording data read from said memory means on the opticaldisc when said control means receives the output signal from saiddetecting means and a second control signal which controls saidrecording means to stop the re-recording operation to the optical discwhen said control means receives the output signal from said detectingmeans which is obtained at a predetermined number of times within thepredetermined period.
 5. An optical disc recording apparatus accordingto claim 1, wherein the predetermined time period is chosen as afunction of a buffer capacity of the memory means to ensure that thebuffer capacity of the memory means is not exceeded during re-recording.6. An optical recording apparatus comprising:memory means for storinginput data in sequence at a first transmission rate, and reading out thestored input data at a second transmission rate which is faster than thefirst transmission rate and outputting the data read at the secondtransmission rate in bursts of data; recording means for interleavingthe data and recording the interleaved data on an optical disc;detecting means for detecting an abnormality of the recording operationof the recording means and outputting an output signal as an abnormalitydetected result; and control means for controlling the recording meansto stop the recording operation if the frequency of the output signalfrom the detecting means exceeds a predetermined minimum value.